The main application of CYTOP® 208 is as a disulfide bond reducing agent in DNA sequencing. It is an efficient agent for the reductive cleavage of disulfide bonds, including for biologically important Cysteine derivatives. It is stable under both acidic and basic conditions and is an effective reducing agent under both sets of conditions. This chemistry can also be applied to hydrogel beads for nucleotide sequencing, biosensors for biological analysis and in the preparation of antibacterial polymers containing phosphorus.